This is essential after an episode of PCP, or when CD4 positive counts drop below 200/microlitre or less than 20% of total lymphocyte count.
The most effective agents are a combination of Trimethoprim and Sulphamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole). If this is poorly tolerated however aerosolized pentamidine or dapsone may be used (note that dapsone may cause haemolytic anaemia and is contra-indicated in G6PD deficiency).
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