Endocrine effects
- hypercalcaemia:
- occurs in 6-7% of tumours
- usually the hypercalcaemia of malignancy
- in squamous cell carcinoma, may be due to PTH-like peptides
- dilutional hyponatraemia:
- occurs in 10% of small cell carcinoma
- due to ADH-like peptides
- Cushing's syndrome:
- ectopic ACTH-like peptide is commonly produced by small cell tumours but is symptomatic in less than 1% of cases
- ectopic ACTH-like peptide is commonly produced by small cell tumours but is symptomatic in less than 1% of cases
- hyperpigmentation due to ectopic MSH production.
- clubbing:
- occurs in more than 50% of squamous cell tumours
- unusual in small cell tumours
- hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy
- gynaecomastia
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