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Genetics of HIV

Authoring team

There are three genes in HIV which are characteristic of all retroviruses:

  • gag:
    • encodes a precursor protein (Pr55)
    • cleavage yields:
      • p17 matrix protein
      • p24 capsid protein
      • p9 nucleocapsid protein
      • p6

  • pol encodes reverse transcriptase, endonuclease and protease activities

  • env:
    • encodes a precursor protein p160
    • cleavage yields:
      • p41 a transmembrane protein which anchors p120
      • p120 binds non-covalently to p41 and acts as the CD4 receptor

In addition to these typical genes there are other regulatory genes.

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