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Hypothalamic - pituitary - gonadal (HPG) axis in testosterone deficiency (TD)

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

Authoring team

TD is a consequence of the body failing to produce sufficient testosterone to function normally, caused by disruption of 1 or more levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis.1

It can be broadly classified as being either primary, secondary, or combined (mixed).

 

References

  • 1. Khera M, Adaikan G, Buvat J, et al. Diagnosis and Treatment of Testosterone Deficiency: Recommendations From the Fourth International Consultation for Sexual Medicine (ICSM 2015). J Sex Med 2016;13:1787-1804.
  • 2. Bhasin S et al. Task Force, Endocrine Society. Testosterone therapy in men with androgen deficiency syndromes: An Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010;95:2536-59.

 

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