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Aetiology

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

Authoring team

Causes include:

  • pneumonia especially pneumococcal pneumonia
  • pulmonary infarction
  • Coxsackie B virus (Bornholm disease)
  • malignancy e.g. bronchogenic carcinoma
  • lung abscess
  • bronchiectasis
  • asbestos pleural disease, including mesothelioma
  • trauma

Rare causes include:

  • tuberculosis
  • rheumatoid arthritis
  • systemic lupus erythematosus
  • uraemia
  • Familial Mediterranean fever

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