The scrotal contents are best examined with the patient standing.
The shape, size, symmetry and colour of the scrotum should be noted, and the patient should be asked to cough.
The height and axis of each testis within the scrotum should also be considered. The left testis is normally at a lower level than the right, and a high-lying testis may occur in testicular torsion. The axis of the testis may be distorted in conditions such as bell clapper testis where there is a horizontal positioning.
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