Haemophilus influenzae accounts for about 5% of all pneumonias in the UK. It is relatively common in children, accounting for up to one third of bacterial pneumonias between 4 months and 4 years.
The organism is frequently identified in the yellow - green sputum produced during exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and may be the cause of pneumonia in that disease and in emphysema.
Clinically, the condition is indistinguishable from Streptococcus pneumoniae infection although radiologic differences may be noted. The only known natural habitat of Haemophilus influenzae is the human nasopharynx.
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