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Oliguria in major burns

Authoring team

Oliguria in major burns usually is due to inadequate fluid resucitation. It is more likely in the following groups:

  • inhalation damage to lung
  • electrocution
  • delay before resuscitation
  • children
  • dehydrated individuals, e.g. excess alcohol consumption

Oliguria should prompt a fluid challenge:

  • supplementary bolus of 5-10 mls / kg, or
  • increase the next hour's estimated volume by 50%

However, caution must be exercised in the following groups with reduced ability to compensate for fluid shifts:

  • children
  • elderly patients
  • patients with cardiac compromise

Invasive monitoring of cardiac preload and afterload may be warranted in the setting of the HDU/ITU.

Generally, diuretics should not be used in response to oliguria in the patient with a major burn injury. An exception to this rule may be haemochromogenuria under the guidance of the burns unit or a renal physician.

Whenever a fluid challenge is given, the patient must be reassessed a short time later to determine their response.


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The content herein is provided for informational purposes and does not replace the need to apply professional clinical judgement when diagnosing or treating any medical condition. A licensed medical practitioner should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions.

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