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Aetiology

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

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This is unknown but:

  • high titres of circulating speckled or nucleolar antinuclear antibody has been found in up to 60% of cases
  • familial cases have been documented
  • HLA-B8 and DR3 haplotypes occur frequently
  • environmental factors may, in some cases, play an initiating role:
    • agents inducing scleroderma include benzene, silica, epoxy resin, trichloroethylene, vinyl chloride, drugs (e.g. cocaine, carbidopa, bleomycin).

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