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Spinous process

Authoring team

Each presacral vertebra has a spinous process projecting posteriorly or posteroinferiorly in the median plane. It is formed at the junction of two lamina on either side of a given vertebral arch. It is attached to an array of ligaments and muscles which posteriorly reinforce the spine.

Relations:

  • anterior: vertebral foramen, lamina
  • posterior: supraspinous ligament, extrinsic back muscles
  • lateral: intrinsic back muscles
  • superior & inferior: interspinous ligament

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