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Risk factors for dry eye

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

Authoring team

Older age and female sex are well known risk factors of the disease.

Other risk factors for dry eye include (1)

  • hormonal status
    • postmenopausal oestrogen therapy
  • nutritional factors
    • diet low in omega-3 fatty acids
    • a high ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids
    • vitamin A deficiency
  • occupational factors
    • working at a microscope or computer
  • refractive surgery
  • environmental conditions
    • low humidity
    • high temperatures
    • air pollution
  • systemic and ocular medication
    • anticholinergics eg, antihistamines, antispasmodics, tricyclic antidepressants
    • beta blockers
    • diuretics
  • malignant tumours (due to radiation therapy and systemic chemotherapy )
  • use of contact lenses
  • bone marrow transplantation;
  • diabetes mellitus, hepatitis C (1)

Reference:

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