The pathway of cellular respiration by glycolysis can be considered firstly in terms of:
- entry of glucose into the cell or
- production of glucose from another source e.g. glycogen, galactose
Then, there are the sequential enzyme reactions:
- hexokinase converts glucose into glucose-6-phosphate
- glucose-6-phosphate isomerase converts glucose-6-phosphate into fructose-6-phosphate
- 6-phosphofructokinase converts fructose-6-phosphate into fructose-1,6-biphosphate
- fructose biphosphate aldolase converts fructose-1,6-biphosphate into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate
- triose phosphate isomerase converts dihydroxyacetone phosphate into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
- glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase converts glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate into 3-phosphoglyceroyl phosphate
- phosphoglycerate kinase converts 3-phosphoglyceroyl phosphate into 3-phosphoglycerate
- phosphoglycerol mutase converts 3-phosphoglycerate into 2-phosphoglycerate
- enolase converts 2-phosphoglycerate into phosphoenolpyruvate
- pyruvate kinase converts phosphoenolpyruvate into pyruvate
Following glycolysis, one of the following two forward reactions may occur:
- pyruvate dehydrogenase converts pyruvate into acetyl CoA
- lactate dehydrogenase converts pyruvate into lactate - anaerobic glycolysis
Individual enzymes are considered in the submenu.