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Chromosomal abnormalities

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

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Studies reveal a high incidence of non-random chromosomal abnormalities in 70% of cases of ALL and 50% of cases of AML. The genes involved are intimately concerned with the regulation of cell growth.

  • t(9;22), C-ALL; L1 or L2 - more common in adults poor prognosis
  • t(4;11), Null-ALL; L2 - infants; more in girls, high blast count, poor prognosis
  • t(8;14), B-ALL; L3 - hepatosplenomegaly; conventional treatment gives poor prognosis; better with lymphoma type treatment
  • t(8;21), AML-M2 - young; mean age 28 yrs, abnormal eosinophils, solid leukaemic tumours, 75-85% remission when treated
  • t(15;17), AML-M3 - abnormal promyelocytes, 50% develop DIC, durable remissions
  • inv/del/t(16), AML-M4 - 5% of AML abnormal eosinophils 70-90% remission after treatment

Note - t(9;22) is the Philadelphia chromosome.

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