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Aetiology

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Acute ischaemia results principally from embolism or thrombotic occlusion in an essential distributing artery:

  • embolism - most large emboli originate in the heart, as a result of atrial fibrillation, mitral stenosis - left atrial thrombus, atrial myxoma or myocardial infarction - mural thrombus
  • thrombotic occlusion of an artery already narrowed by atherosclerosis
  • thrombosis of a popliteal artery aneurysm

Rarely, acute ischaemia may result from widespread thrombosis due to:

  • high oestrogen contraceptive pill
  • polycythaemia rubra vera
  • thrombocythaemia
  • leukaemia

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The content herein is provided for informational purposes and does not replace the need to apply professional clinical judgement when diagnosing or treating any medical condition. A licensed medical practitioner should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions.

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