Clinical features
Presentation may be with urgency, frequency, nocturia, urge incontinence, stress incontinence, and enuresis. Sometimes the patient complains of voiding difficulties. Stress incontinence may be demonstrable on coughing.
Other features may be noted depending upon the cause - for example, hyper-reflexia in some cases of neuropathic detrusor instability.
Reference
- Haylen BT et al. An International Urogynecological Association (IUGA)/International Continence Society (ICS) joint report on the terminology for female pelvic floor dysfunction. Neurourol Urodyn. 2010;29(1):4-20.
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