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Pathogenesis

Authoring team

The clinical effects of Salmonella inoculation depends upon the organism's virulence factors and host defence factors.

Host factors:

  • very young or very old, other illness, immune suppression, gastric hypochlorhydria - infecting dose must usually be greater than 100,000 organism though in the presence of hypochlorhydria, a lower infective dose may cause illness

Virulence factors:

  • S. cholerae suis is prone to cause septicaemia
  • S. virchow and S. dublin have increased invasive potential
  • S. typhimurium may possess specific plasmids increasing virulence

Once infection is established, diarrhoea occurs due to enterotoxin-induced electrolyte transport defects across the intestinal mucosa of the ileum and due to invasive inflammation of the colon and lower ileum.

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The content herein is provided for informational purposes and does not replace the need to apply professional clinical judgement when diagnosing or treating any medical condition. A licensed medical practitioner should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions.

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