Aetiology
Lungs and airways:
- chronic obstructive airways disease
- bronchiectasis
- pneumonia
Thoracic cage and pleura - restrictive chest wall / lung disease:
- crushed chest
- kyphoscoliosis
- extensive thoracic surgery
- ankylosing spondylitis
CNS - respiratory depression:
- trauma
- cerebral tumour
- raised intracranial pressure
- drugs - e.g. narcotics
Neuromuscular:
- cervical cord lesion
- motor neurone disease
- Guillain-Barre
- muscular dystrophies
- myasthenia gravis
- status epilepticus
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