Exophthalmos is protrusion of the eyeball out of the orbit. In exophthalmos the sclerae are not covered by the lower eyelid.
There may be features associated with an underlying thyroid disease eg thyroid stare (a frightened expression), lid lag (where the descent of the upper lid lags behind that of the eyeball), and lid retraction (where the sclera is visible above the iris).
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