This site is intended for healthcare professionals

Sign in
Go to /sign-in page

You can view 5 more pages before signing in

Pathology

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

Authoring team

Stimulating TSH receptor antibodies are inevitably found.

Fibroblastic deposition of glycosaminoglycans and lymphocytic infiltration into the extraocular muscles and retrobulbar connective tissue produces retrobulbar oedema. This is followed by fibrosis with restricted movement as the muscles become tethered to the surrounding structures.

Consequently:

  • the eye is pushed forwards and there is axial proptosis The cornea may become exposed with drying, irritation and later ulceration
  • extraocular muscle movement is impaired
  • increasing pressure is exerted on the optic nerve with loss of acuity and eventually, atrophy
  • venous drainage from the orbit is impaired resulting in conjunctival and periorbital oedema, and conjunctival injection

Create an account to add page annotations

Create a free account

Annotations allow you to add information to this page that would be handy to have on hand during a consultation. E.g. a website or number. This information will always show when you visit this page.

The content herein is provided for informational purposes and does not replace the need to apply professional clinical judgement when diagnosing or treating any medical condition. A licensed medical practitioner should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions.

Connect

Copyright 2024 Oxbridge Solutions Limited, a subsidiary of OmniaMed Communications Limited. All rights reserved. Any distribution or duplication of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited. Oxbridge Solutions receives funding from advertising but maintains editorial independence.