The theoretical basis behind this form of treatment is that symptoms, whether uncomfortable feelings, unwanted thoughts or maladaptive behaviours, are learned responses to particular circumstances. The theory suggests that if a form of behaviour can be learned then it can modified, either by a reversal of the original learning process or by the encouragement of an alternative, more constructive feeling, thought or behaviour.
Two major principles of learning theory have been applied in behavioural theory:
- classical conditioning - the modification or nullification of troublesome symptoms that have arisen in response to a certain stimulus
- operant conditioning - shape healthier, more effective responses
Although both these principles of learning theory are applied in this form of therapy it is as much the therapist's practical experience of what proves effective as theoretical principles that is of use in the treatment of patients.
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