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Upper limb tone

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

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When examining the upper limb neurologically, the tone is tested in both the wrists and the elbows with flexion and extension of these joints.

The examiner must look for:

  • cog-wheel rigidity - parkinsonism
  • hypertonicity - upper motor neurone or extrapyramidal lesion
  • hypotonicity - lower motor neurone lesion

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