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Arbovirus syndromes

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

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Arbovirus was originally a general term for a virus transmitted by arthropods (mosquitoes, sandflies and ticks). Some similar viruses can also be transmitted from rodents.

Arboviruses cause three main syndromes:

  • fever and rash (with or without myalgia/arthralgia and lymphadenopathy); usually benign
  • encephalitis; some types often fatal
  • viral haemorrhagic fever; severe, often fatal

Arboviruses consist of RNA which is mostly single-stranded, but some are double-stranded eg Reoviridae.

Dengue is a typical mosquito-spread arbovirus infection causing clasical dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever.

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