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Killip classification of heart failure

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

Authoring team

A categorisation of the severity of heart failure based on easily obtained clinical signs.

The main clinical features are:

  • Class I: no heart failure

  • Class II: patients with crackles or rales in the lungs, elevated jugular venous pressure, and an S3 gallop

  • Class III: crackles heard in all the lung fields

  • Class IV: cardiogenic shock or hypotension (systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg) and features of low cardiac output (oliguria, cyanosis, or impaired mental status).

Reference

  1. Hashmi K et al. Risk Assessment of Patients After ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction by Killip Classification: An Institutional Experience. Cureus. 2020 Dec; 12(12): e12209.Published online 2020 Dec 21.

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