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Hypothalamic - pituitary - gonadal (HPG) axis in testosterone deficiency (TD)

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Testosterone deficiency (TD) is a consequence of the body failing to produce sufficient testosterone to function normally, caused by disruption of 1 or more levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. (1,2)

It can be broadly classified as being either primary, secondary, or combined (mixed).

 

Table describing types of testicular dysfunction (TD) including primary, secondary, and combined TD, detailing sources of dysfunction, biochemical impacts on testosterone and LH levels, and effects on spermatogenesis, with abbreviations for luteinising hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) explained.

References

  • 1. Khera M, Adaikan G, Buvat J, et al. Diagnosis and Treatment of Testosterone Deficiency: Recommendations From the Fourth International Consultation for Sexual Medicine (ICSM 2015). J Sex Med 2016;13:1787-1804.
  • 2. Bhasin S et al. Task Force, Endocrine Society. Testosterone therapy in men with androgen deficiency syndromes: An Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010;95:2536-59.

 

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The content herein is provided for informational purposes and does not replace the need to apply professional clinical judgement when diagnosing or treating any medical condition. A licensed medical practitioner should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions.

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