Investigations in primum defect
- chest radiography reveals cardiomegaly, large pulmonary arteries and pulmonary plethora
- electrocardiography shows left axis deviation and right bundle branch block. There is left axis deviation in ostium primum ASD because the pathology involves the A - V valves.
- catheterisation allow determiation of the size of the ASD and the degree of valvular incompetence
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